Present perfect tense



present perfect tense is used:

  • To express an action completed just now; as,

    1. He has eaten all the apples.
    2. We have gone to school.

  • To express an action that began in the past but still it continues; as,

    1. I have known her for six years.
      ( I know her today also.)
    2. He has taken the wrong path again.
      (He is still on the wrong path.)


The present perfect tense is one of four Present tenses. They are Present simple tense, Present continuous tense, Present perfect tense and Present Perfect continuous tense.







How to make the present perfect




Positive (Present perfect)

Present perfect sentences, have the following structure:

  • Subject + auxiliary verb + main verb (Past participle) + Object.
  • Subject + has/have + 3rd form of verb + Object.

For examples:

  1. We have gone to school.
  2. He has played cricket.
  3. I have written a letter.

REMEMBER

Rules: For present perfect sentences:

  • Auxiliary verb "has" or "have" is used after the subject.
  • "Has" is used with He, She, It, name and any singular noun.
  • "Have" is used with I, We, You, They and any plural noun.




Negative (Present perfect)

Present perfect negative sentences, have the following structure :

  • Subject + auxiliary verb + not + main verb (Past participle) + Object.
  • Subject + has/have + not + 3rd form of verb + Object.


For examples:

  1. We have not gone to school.
  2. He has not played cricket.
  3. I have not written a letter.

Interrogative (Present perfect)

Present perfect interrogative sentences, have the following structure :

  • Auxiliary verb + Subject + main verb (past participle) + Object?
  • Has/Have + Subject + 3rd form of verb + Object?

For examples:

  1. Have we gone to school?
  2. Has he played cricket?
  3. Have I written a letter?

Interrogative negative (Present perfect)

Present perfect interrogative negative sentences, have the following structure :

  • Auxiliary verb + Subject + not + main verb (past participle)+ Object?
  • Has/Have + Subject + not + 3rd form of verb + Object?

For examples:

  1. Have we not gone to school?
  2. Has he not played cricket?
  3. Have I not written a letter?




NEXT --- Present Perfect continuous tense

PREVIOUS --- Present continuous tense

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Related topics:


Present Tense

  1. Present simple tense
  2. Present continuous tense
  3. Present perfect tense
  4. Present Perfect continuous tense

Past Tense

  1. Past simple tense
  2. Past continuous tense
  3. Past perfect tense
  4. Past Perfect continuous tense

Future Tense

  1. Future simple tense
  2. Future continuous tense
  3. Future perfect tense
  4. Future Perfect continuous tense